He founded the first Finnish-language newspaper, Suomenkieliset Tieto-Sanomatand acted as its editor for a year. The translation committee standardized Agricola's ortography and inflectional forms, reducing the number of variants, thus making the Bible more readable and easier to understand.Īntti Lizelius, who actually edited two translations of the Bible in the 18th century, was a clergyman, but still wanted to develop the Finnish language also for secular purposes. This is an obvious conclusion in that Old written Finnish texts clearly show whether they were written before or after that. The language of the Bible translation was clearly seen as the norm, and this translation was, thus, taken as a guide for written Finnish, not only in spelling but also in the selection of phonological and morphological variants.
The formal translation has been corrected to better reflect standard modern Finnish, or to make it more accurate in its wording the newest of these versions is the New Testament translation by 'Raamattu Kansalle society' The use of written Finnish was scarce, and most printed texts were spiritual and aimed for church use. Bobs 4 cycleīesides the official Bible translations, several unofficial and revised versions have also been made by both individual persons and working groups during the 20th century in particular. This new committee chose to apply dynamic translation theories in its work and published its version in I will later refer to these two committee translations as the formal and the dynamic translation. Since the language used in this translation differs significantly from the modern standards of written Finnish, a new committee was set up as early as in the beginning of the s. The new version, however, was not approved until in OTNT This translation followed the methods of formal translation. Of these, the edition by Antti Lizelius in was actually in use throughout the following century, all the way to 1 The article is based on the paper read at the international scientific conference "Bible Translation in the Literatures of the People of Russia, the CIS and the Baltic Countries" in Moscow on 2nd December, During the 19th century, the Finnish language underwent a radical change process.įor this reason a committee was set up in the s to carry out a new translation of the Bible.
This was carried out by individual clergymen, who produced three different revised editions in the 17th and 18th centuries. The Bible became a large and magnificent piece of work, and very soon there was need to publish a new, smaller size version. The first Bible translation committee, thus, had a good foundation for its work. Since written Finnish did not exist before Agricola's time, he also became the founder of standard written Finnish with his translations. In addition, he published other ecclesiastical books, including a primer and prayer books for church service. Mikael Agricola, an influential religious reformer and bishop, was the first person to translate the New Testament in His aim was to translate the whole Bible, but he managed only to finish some parts of the Old Testament. The history of Bible translations, however, goes back to the 16th century, marking at the same time the birth of standard written Finnish. These translations were done as committee work and aimed at official church use.
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